Pam Bennett, Barb Bloetscher, Joe Boggs, Jim Chatfield, Erik Draper, Dave Dyke, Dave Goerig, Tim Malinich, Amy Stone, and Curtis Young
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April 13, 2006
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This is the Second 2006 edition of the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line (BYGL).
BYGL is developed from a Tuesday morning conference call of Extension
agents, specialists and other contributors in Ohio.
BYGL is also made available on the Internet from the Ohio State University
Horticulture and Crop Science (HCS) in Virtual Perspective website
(http://bygl.osu.edu). Additional fact sheet information on any of
these articles may be found through the OSU fact sheet database (http://plantfacts.osu.edu).
BYGL is a service of OSU Extension and is aided by major support
from the Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association (ONLA), with additional
funding from the Ohio Chapter of the International Society of Arboriculture
(ISA) to the OSU Extension Nursery Landscape, and Turf Team (ENLTT).
Participants in the April 11, 2006 conference included: Pam Bennett (Clark); Barb Bloetscher (Entomology/C. Wayne Ellett Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic (CWEPPDC)); Joe Boggs (Hamilton/Piketon); Jim Chatfield (Center at Wooster/HCS); Erik Draper (Geauga); Dave Dyke (Hamilton); Jane Martin (Franklin); Joe Rimelspach (Plant Pathology); Dave Shetlar (Entomology); Amy Stone (Lucas); Curtis Young (Allen); and Randy Zondag (Lake). .
Additional factsheet information on any of these articles may be found
through the OSU Factsheet Database (http://plantfacts.ohio-state.edu/)
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WEATHER WATCH
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Weather data below is a summary of April thus far. Gentle rains are falling in NW Ohio as this written. and hopefully you are receiving some too!
| Weather Station |
Region of Ohio |
Ave. High Temp F | Ave. Low Temp F | Ave. Temp F | Normal Ave. Temp F | Total Precip " | Normal Precip " | | Perry |
NE |
54.2 |
34.4 |
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NA |
1.35 |
NA |
| Hoytville |
NW |
60.0 |
35.1 |
47.4 |
44.2 |
1.15 |
1.34 |
| Columbus |
Central |
62.8 |
38.2 |
50.2 |
47.4 |
0.54 |
1.61 |
| Miami |
SW |
62.3 |
38.2 |
50.4 |
46.7 |
0.77 |
1.40 |
| Jackson |
South |
65.8 |
37.3 |
51.3 |
48.5 |
1.22 |
1.61 |
For a link to the OARDC Weather Stations, check out: http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/centernet/weather.htm. A note to those who feel that the use of the term "normal" should not be used in conjunction with the weather of Ohio. Actually, when speaking of statistics the better term to use is mean or average. However, because these values are from the OARDC weather website, their terms are used in order to be consistent with their records.
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HORT SHORTS
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GDD (GROWING DEGREE DAYS)
GDD is a measure of the daily maximum and minimum temperature and directly relates to growth and development of plants and insects. The GDD of any zip code location in Ohio is estimated using the GDD of ten OARDC weather stations and available on the web at the site below.
The range of GDD accumulations in Ohio from north to south is 85 to 197. Following is a report of GDD for several locations around Ohio as of April 12, 2006: Painesville, 85; Cleveland, 89; Toledo, 92; Youngstown, 95; Lima, 122; Wooster, 115; Coshocton, 122; Columbus, 132; Springfield, 111; Dayton, 122; Cincinnati, 148; Ironton, 188; Portsmouth, 189; and Piketon, 197.
To put these GDD accumulations into perspective, the following is an abbreviated listing of plant and insect species with their respective phenological event and average GDD accumulations at which these events occur. Due to variations in weather, temperature, humidity, etc., these events may occur a few days earlier or later than predicted by the average GDD. By looking at a city, town, or village near you from the above list, or visiting the above web site, you can see what could be taking place in the landscape around you.
Star magnolia, first bloom, 83; border forsythia, first bloom, 86; eastern tent caterpillar, egg hatch, 92; Manchu cherry, first bloom, 93; northern lights forsythia, full bloom, 94; Norway maple, first bloom, 116; border forsythia, full bloom, 116; chanticleer callery pear, first bloom, 123; sargent cherry, first bloom, 127; larch casebearer, egg hatch, 128; saucer magnolia, first bloom, 133; bradford callery pear, first bloom, 142; European pine sawfly, egg hatch, 144; weeping Higan cherry, first bloom, 145; P.J.M. rhododendron, first bloom, 147; chanticleer callery pear, full bloom, 149; Norway maple, full bloom, 149; inkberry leafminer, adult emergence, 150; sargent cherry, full bloom, 151; star magnolia, full bloom, 151; Allegheny serviceberry, first bloom, 153; Manchu cherry, full bloom, 155; spring snow crabapple, first bloom, 155; apple serviceberry, first bloom, 159; spruce spider mite, egg hatch, 162; Bradford callery pear, full bloom, 164; Allegheny serviceberry, full bloom, 169; saucer magnolia, full bloom, 174; P.J.M. rhododendron, full bloom, 178; boxwood psyllid, egg hatch, 179; weeping Higan cherry, full bloom, 179; Koreanspice viburnum, first bloom, 185; regent serviceberry, first bloom, 186; Japanese flowering crabapple, first bloom, 189; eastern redbud, first bloom, 191; gypsy moth, egg hatch, 192; and Koreanspice viburnum, full bloom, 205.
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PLANT PHENOLOGY
Joe Boggs noted that spring is in full progress in southern Ohio and that forsythia (Forsythia spp.) and most of the early cherries (Prunus spp.) are finished blooming and the callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) and star magnolia (Magnolia stellata) are beginning to decline. Pam Bennett reported that forsythia, star and saucer magnolia (M. soulangiana), most early cherries, and callery pears are in full bloom at this time.
Jim Chatfield said that star magnolias are in full bloom after surviving a bit of frost this past week in the Wooster area and Curtis Young has magnolia and weeping cherry in bloom and saucer magnolia showing pink buds. Daffodils, tulips, and hyacinths are in full bloom in Lima as well.
In the northeast part of the state, Randy Zondag noted that spring is beginning to wake up and that forsythia and Corneliancherry dogwood (Cornus mas) were in full bloom. In addition, he noted that this has been a great year for witchhazel blooms (Hamamelis spp.) with some cultivars still in bloom while others are fading.
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NAME THAT WILDFLOWER....OR IS IT A WEED?
Pam Bennett reported that she has noticed large areas of a white-blooming plant and Dave Shetlar noted that he has seen fields of it in the Columbus area. The tiny white-flowered plant was identified by Master Gardener, Bonnie Martens, as Whitlow grass (Draba verna) and is in the mustard family. The white blooms are held on 2-6" stems and appear to have 8 petals; however, a closer look reveals a deep cleft in the petal, thus it only has 4 petals. The seed pods are flattened, oval, and paper-like. The foliage grows in a rosette and the leaves are only about 1/2-1" long. Some call Whitlow grass a weed and some call it a wildflower, so as they say, "a weed is a plant out of place" and BYGL readers can decide.
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A HAIL AND HEARTY WELCOME TO SPRING
Severe thunderstorms pounded much of southern Ohio last Friday. Flashes of lightening and clashes of thunder were accompanied by wailing tornado warning sirens. The roar of high winds and heavy rain was punctuated by pings and thumps of hail. Thank goodness, no funnel clouds made it to the ground.
Joe Boggs reported that localized areas experienced pea-sized to golf ball-sized hail. Damage to deciduous trees and shrubs appeared to be minimal given the general lack of leaf targets this early in the season. The same could not be said for bulb plants. Tulips and daffodils were hammered in some locations. Fortunately, the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens escaped the hail onslaught. The 60,000 bulbs planted last fall for the "Zoo Blooms" event this month are continuing to produce a glorious, undamaged display!
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MULCH MOUNDS ABOUND -- TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING?
Mulch mounds describe mounds of mulch piled against tree trunks resembling miniature volcanoes. Although unsure how this method of mulching got its start in the landscape, it is an inappropriate and leads to plant decline and perhaps eventually death.
Trees and other landscape plants mulched too deeply can develop stem girdling roots. When mulch is piled too high against the trunk, root growth in this environment has the potential to encircle the trunk, eventually girdling it. A 2-3" layer of mulch is sufficient. Keep the mulch away from the crown and stems of the plants. Do your part and stop the mis-mulching of America.
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PLANTS OF THE WEEK
Read all about perennials and landscape trees and shrubs in the publications "Perennial Plants for Ohio" and "Landscape Plants for Ohio" published by the ONLA. The descriptions and photographs of plants were provided for this new publication by the OSU ENLT Team along with other industry plant lovers. These full-color publications are available at http://Buckeyegardening.com for $5.00. Click on "garden store" and then "onla plant guides." ONLA members can purchase these in quantities at a reduced price at http://onla.org.
*PERENNIAL PLANT OF THE WEEK. Phlox spp - There are many plants in this genus and one of the showiest, creeping phlox (P. subulata) is just beginning to bloom in central Ohio. This popular garden plant is widely available at garden stores at this time and forms a bright carpet of color (purple, pink, white, and reddish). After it finishes blooming, shear it and the foliage remains attractive throughout the season.
Phlox divaricata is the next species to bloom and is found in the woodland areas and ditches and medians along the highway. This woodland native grows 12-15" and has blue flowers with 5 petals. Phlox paniculata or garden phlox is a staple in the perennial garden and blooms in the summer. Look for cultivars that are resistant to powdery mildew; many have a nice fragrance as well.
*WOODY PLANT OF THE WEEK: STAR MAGNOLIA (Magnolia stellata) AND ITS HYBRIDS. Weather throughout the state makes for variability in the frost injury story for the early blooming star magnolias, but at OSU's Secrest Arboretum in Wooster this will be a banner year. Just a hint of brownish damage occurred this past weekend on the outer star magnolia tepals of the most advanced flower buds. The rest are all coming out frost-free and will sail through this coming week of warm weather for quite a show. Star magnolia cultivars such as 'Rosea' and 'Waterlily' were lovely and were bursting forth by the hour this past Monday.
Star magnolias are small trees or shrubs (10-15") with lovely, aromatic, white, star-shaped flowers that develop before leaves emerge in early to mid-spring. They then develop attractive, dark-green, lustrous foliage. Full sun is best for flowering. Numerous hybrids include the 'Little Girl' crosses of M. stellata 'Rosea' and M. liliflora 'Nigra'. 'Ann', 'Betty', and 'Jane' have flower combinations of purples, reds and whites. Hybrids between M. stellata and M. kobus, known as M. x loebneri include the wonderfully fragrant 'Merrill', 'Ballerina', and 'Leonard Messell'.
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SECREST SIGHTINGS
Spring is busting out all over at OSU's Secrest Arboretum in Wooster. European larches (Larix decidua) are just sending our their little domes of light green needles and the cerise-colored female cones are quite wonderful. Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) flower buds are intriguing up close, black in color and felt-like in texture. Soon the "lurid purple flowers...rarely seen by the uninitiated" (n the words of Michael Dirr) will emerge. Pieris is in full bloom and the contrast between Japanese pieris (Pieris japonica) and the U.S. native mountain pieris (P. floribunda) is clear, with the flatter arching panicles on mountain pieris a neat contrast.
Both Cornus mas and Cornus officinalis are in late bloom, with C. officinalis exhibiting just a little more brightness than corneliancherry dogwood when the these two are viewed side by side. The SALSA (Secrest Academy of Landscape Science and Arts) class looked closely and felt that one reason was the slightly denser flower structure of C. officinalis and increased length of pedicels.
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BUG BYTES
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TENT CATS MEOW
Joe Boggs reported that the overwintered eggs of both the FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) and EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (M. americanum) hatched late last week in southwest Ohio. Forest tent caterpillars (FTC) will feed on a wide variety of deciduous trees including ash, sweetgum, oak, birch, cherry, aspen, elm, basswood, and sugar maple. Despite its common name, FTC constructs only rudimentary mat like silk nests on leaves or bark. The caterpillars congregate in colonies during early instar stages; however, later instars disperse from the colonies and become solitary feeders.
Forest tent caterpillars have short grayish-white hairs and a row of distinct white markings running down their backs. These markings have been variously described as looking like "foot prints," or as being "keyhole shaped." The markings are flanked by cobal-blue lines running the length of the caterpillars' bodies.
Eastern tent caterpillars (ETC) are also covered in short, grayish-white hairs; however, they have a distinct, unbroken white stripe down their backs. Unlike FTC, ETC is an accomplished and prolific tent-maker producing highly visible silk nests in the forks of branches. The caterpillars prefer to feed on trees in the family Rosaceae, particularly those in the genus Prunus, such as cherries. They also occasionally feed on ash, birch, maple, and oaks.
Both of these general defoliating caterpillars are capable of causing serious stress to their host trees. Leaves lost to caterpillar feeding this spring must be replaced using energy stored from last season. Small ETC nests and congregated FTC colonies can be eliminated digitally using five-fingered "smash and/or smear" techniques.
Less hands-on methods include applications of the naturally occurring bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), applied to early instar stages, as well as other insecticides listed for general caterpillar control in the OSU Extension Bulletin 504, "Insect and Mite Control on Woody Ornamentals and Herbaceous Perennials". The tiny cats may be meowing now, but they roar later in the season!
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EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY
Dave Shetlar noted that he expects overwintered European pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer) eggs to begin hatching in southern and central Ohio this week. The eggs were deposited last summer in envelope-like slits cut by females into needles using their saw-like ovipositors. The egg slits appear as rows of light yellow spots running lengthwise on the needles. The slits, or egg scars, are evident in the summer but become particularly noticeable during the winter.
First instar larvae are too small to consume entire needles, so they feed along needle edges causing needles to wilt, curl, and turn straw-colored. As the larvae grow, they eventually consume entire needles. The larvae are caterpillar-like in appearance, and have bulbous, shiny-black head capsules. Early instars are mostly grayish-green, which makes them difficult to detect among the needles. Later instars develop faint grayish-white longitudinal stripes.
All larval instars feed in groups, or colonies, and can rapidly defoliate branches. Preferred hosts include Scotch, mugo, red, jack, Table mountain, and Swiss mountain pine; white and Austrian pines are occasional hosts. There is one generation per year, so damage in Ohio is usually confined to last year's needles.
Most insecticides labeled for use on pines control this sawfly. However, as with all sawflies, larvae are not killed using products based on the naturally occurring bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). An alternative approach to controlling localized populations is to simply knock the colonies onto the ground and dispatch them using the "sawfly two-step dance."
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LARCH CASEBEARER
Jim Chatfield and Erik Draper reported that participants in last week's session of Secrest Academy for Landscape Sciences and Arts (SALSA) observed the slow meanderings of larch casebearers (Coleophora laricella) as the caterpillars hungrily awaited needle expansion on their host. Jim noted that the casebearers were found on the tree's cones as well as twigs and branches; however, neither he nor Erik could discern any feeding damage to the cones.
The overwintered larvae of this small moth (wing span is only 1/3") get their name from the cigar shaped cases they construct. They line the mined out needles with silk, insert their abdomen, and carry the dead needles around for protection. The resulting unusual image is that of "walking dead needles." When disturbed, larvae may attach a strand of silk to the tree and drop on silky threads towards the ground.
There is one generation per year. The current crop of caterpillars feed until late-May to early June, and then they pupate. Adults appear in late June to early July. Eggs from these adults hatch in July and the second set of caterpillars feed until winter with the second generation generally appearing in mid- to late July. Larval feeding damage causes needles to appear burned or bleached, giving the trees a white/silvery appearance.
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DISEASE DIGEST
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DISEASE QUIZ
The grey, cool days of late winter and early spring are harbingers of many things; for example, greenhouses full of glorious blooms, long days of work, positive cash flow ... and BOTRYTIS GRAY MOLD. Once again, this ubiquitous disease has made its appearance right on cue, at times causing significant losses of young plants and serious infections on cut stubs of stock plants. This disease seemed to be even more pervasive than normal this year in greenhouses in southwest Ohio. Could that have been due to: A) the weather; B) growers trying to conserve energy; C) more virulent strains of gray mold; or D) a and b? Here are a few hints.
This disease is caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, a common fungus with a very wide host range. It persists in the greenhouse year-round as mycelium, conidia, or as sclerotia on living or dead tissue. The fungus produces a large number of spores which move throughout the greenhouse via air currents.
Controlling environmental conditions within the greenhouse is the key to controlling this disease. Maintaining an environment within the greenhouse that does not permit the fungus to grow and sporulate is essential for control. Under optimum environmental conditions (relative humidity at or above 85%, with little or no air circulation or with free water on the leaf surface), the spores land on the plant surface, germinate, and penetrate the host plant. By keeping the relative humidity below 85%, as well as maintaining good air circulation and adequate plant spacing, excellent control can be achieved. The optimum temperature for spore germination is 72-77F.
This year, many growers decided that it would pay to run greenhouses cooler than normal to save on heating bills. Of course, some also reduced ventilation to save additional cash and - viola, one has the perfect combination to increase humidity levels! Now, factor in the weather of southwest Ohio. Throughout most of the late winter and early spring it was very cool and cloudy, with the sun rarely making an appearance. So the weather, in combination with growers trying to conserve energy, caused this year's big blight, which means that the correct answer was "D
For further information on Botrytis gray mold please refer to OSU FactSheet HYG-3070-96, "Botrytis Gray Mold in Floral Crops" at http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/3000/3070.html.
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TURF TIPS
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TUFTS OF TALL TURF TROUBLES
Joe Boggs and Dave Shetlar reported receiving questions about dense clumps of coarse-textured, tall grasses scattered in Kentucky bluegrass lawns. These dense clumps of grasses are TALL FESCUE (Festuca arundinacea). Tall fescue is a deep rooted, medium to dark-green, cool season perennial grass. The plant produces vigorous growth in the spring and fall. Tall fescue produces short rhizomes, but has a bunch-type growth habit; - it spreads primarily by erect tillers. Leaf blades are glossy on the underside and serrated on the margins. The leaf sheath is smooth and tall fescue has rounded auricles, and a short membranous ligule. Leaves are rolled in the bud.
Kentucky 31 (K-31) is the old, common cultivar of tall fescue that has been used extensively for many different purposes, such as planting roadside right-of-ways and drainage ditches. Some tall fescue seed might be a contaminant in other turfgrass seed blends or mixes, which are used to establish new lawns or repair old lawns. It can also invade lawns from seed that is blown in from other sites.
Tall fescue is one of the first grasses to take off in the early spring growing more rapidly than other more desirable turfgrass species. Thus, infested Kentucky bluegrass lawns may look unruly in the early part of the spring, until the other turfgrass species begin to grow more vigorously and regular, frequent mowing is initiated. These factors eventually even out the height of all the turfgrasses, so that the tall fescue does not stand out as much as it does in the spring. However, as one walks across a lawn with scattered clumps of tall fescue mixed in with another turfgrass species, it is noticeable because of its coarse texture and dense, bunch-type growth.
Unfortunately, there is no easy way of eliminating tall fescue from a Kentucky bluegrass lawn. One way to remove it is to dig out the clumps of tall fescue, fill in the hole left behind with fresh soil and reseed or patch in pieces of sod with the desired turfgrass species. Or use glyphosate products to kill the patch and then reseed or sod.
For those who desire to use fescue as the main turfgrass species for a lawn, there are new, more attractive cultivars referred to as "turf-type" tall fescues. These newer grasses have finer leaf blades, lower growth habit, darker green color and greater density and shade tolerance than K-31.
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IS THERE A NEED FOR GRUB CONTROL IN THE SPRING?
Several BYGLers reported receiving questions from homeowners about finding white grubs in their landscape as they dug around in the soil. The homeowners were concerned that finding white grubs was an indication that they were going to have problems in their lawns.
White grub populations may be more of a concern in late summer and fall when growing conditions for turfgrass are less than optimum and new populations of grubs are developing. During this time of the year, grub digs are recommended to determine population densities. Populations of grub species (e.g. Japanese beetles) that are less than 6 grubs per square foot can usually be masked by watering and fertilizing. Populations between 10 and 15 per square foot can cause significant turf damage in September and October. Occasionally, populations can reach 40-60 grubs per square foot and these levels can cause damage. These high population levels require corrective actions to limit the extent of damage that could be caused by the white grubs.
Most of the time, it is not recommended to attempt to control white grubs in the spring. The following are the reasons it is not recommended: A) growing conditions for turf in the spring are so good that it outgrows most damage produced by overwintered grubs; B) the grubs are big and nearly mature, thus it requires fairly high dosages of toxic materials to be ingested by the grubs to kill them; and C) movement of applied insecticides down through the turf and into the soil to where the grubs are feeding may take too long to do any good. However, if one is having problems with raccoons and/or skunks tearing up the turf in search of grubs or "land shrimp," killing the grubs with an insecticide in the spring may be necessary. If this is the case, choose the correct product to kill the grubs immediately. The only homeowner product that produces the results needed to control a springtime population of white grubs is trichlorfon (Dylox or Prolox sold as Bayer 24 Hour Grub Control). There is no guarantee that the use of this product stops the digging by the critters looking for a free lunch. Once raccoons and skunks find a site where they were successful finding grubs, they may continue to return to search for grubs, even after they have disappeared as a result of being treated with an insecticide.
Products containing the active ingredient imidacloprid have no effect on the springtime populations of grubs. Even though products containing imidacloprid are applied fairly early in the growing season, the intended target for these products are the newly-hatched grubs that appear in August.
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WHAT DOES MILKY SPORE DO FOR GRUB CONTROL?
As homeowners look for alternative means to manage pest organisms in their landscapes, they find they are inundated with numerous products. These products claim effectiveness against these pests and are touted to be natural, biological and/or organic, thus, by logic of their origin, safer to use than conventional products. Some are effective, some are ineffective and some have yet to be rigorously tested. Some of these alternative products have also been around for years. One of these products is Milky Spore.
Milky Spore is a bacterial disease caused by two Bacillus spore forming bacteria, Bacillus popilliae Dutky and B. lentimorbus Dutky. The milky disease of white grubs, primarily Japanese beetle white grubs, and the bacteria that cause the disease were discovered by Dr. Sam Dutky prior to World War II. During the early years of application of Milky Spore to Japanese beetle grub populations, the Milky Spore disease appeared to have been quite effective at controlling grubs, especially in certain areas of the eastern United States.
After the initial application of the product to a turf area, the spore count must build up for 2-3 years to be effective. Additional spread of the disease through the soil is presumably carried out by infected grubs. As grubs pick up the disease, they carry the spores from one spot and deliver them to other spots, after they move through the soil and die. During this time one should not use an insecticide against the grubs, which are needed to complete the bacterium's lifecycle. Once the spores have been established, the claims state that it remains effective for 10-20 years.
There is some recent data that suggests these bacterial diseases may not be performing well in certain areas. This may be due to reduced virulence, soil conditions or grub resistance. More commonly, different white grub species have displaced the Japanese beetle grubs. In Ohio, Kentucky and Michigan, test trials have not produced satisfactory results. Additional experiments are needed to determine the lack of efficacy of milky disease in these soils.
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INDUSTRY INSIGHT
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TREE DIVERSITY--ALWAYS IMPORTANT, JUST MORE EVIDENT
The loss of elm trees to Dutch elm disease opened eyes to the negative impact of growing monocultures. The threat of the emerald ash borer has many worried about the fate of the ash, and the impact the loss of this tree species might have upon forests and landscapes.
It is important to look at landscapes and streetscapes and take inventory, especially if adding plants. Plant diversity is the key to avoiding problems that occur when one particular species is threatened. A general rule that many urban foresters adhere to is that no more than 5% of the total tree inventory should be one cultivar or variety; no more than 10% should be a single species; no more than 20% should be a single genus; and no more than 30% should be in the same family. Although this is a general rule, it challenges one to think about what is currently planted and what may need to be planted.
Dr. Davis Sydnor, Kathy Smith, and Dr. Randy Heiligmann recently authored OSU Extension bulletin #924, "Ash Replacements for Urban and Woodland Plantings". The bulletin is available online at http://ashalert.osu.edu/AshTrees.pdf. You may also purchase the bulletin at your local extension office.
The bulletin breaks down the appropriateness of selections to include stream edge, woodland, open lawn, and tree lawn. It is important to note that the trees included in this bulletin are large canopy trees, similar to ash.
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AN ANNUAL RITE OF SPRING IN SOUTHWEST OHIO
When daffodils, hyacinths, and forsythia bloom, both ardent and casual horticulturists alike know it is time to anticipate the return one of the great events in southwest Ohio. The Cincinnati Flower Show, produced by the Cincinnati Horticultural Society is staged on the banks of Lake Como at historic Coney Island and celebrates its 17th anniversary April 22-30. Expanding to nine days in 2006, there are four additional days where one discovers displays of unparalleled beauty, extraordinary markets, and gardening advice from the experts.
OSU Extension, the Cincinnati Flower Growers Association (CFGA), and the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden have an exhibit in the Grand Marquee at the show. They are joined by the OSUE Hamilton County Master Gardener training class of 2005. The theme of this year's show is -A Garden Party- and the exhibit has a Derby party theme. -A Room for the Rose-. It demonstrates how container gardens can be used to easily turn a patio into a lovely flower garden that is superb for relaxing or entertaining. For further information on this event please go to http://www.cincyflowershow.com/
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COMING ATTRACTIONS
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UPCOMING OSU EXTENSION PLANT DIAGNOSTIC WORKSHOPS
A number of OSU ENLT Team workshops are scheduled for the season. Topics at each of the workshops this year include the following and more: Emerald Ash Borer, Diseases and Insects du Jour, Dr. Dendro Diagnostic Case Studies, Digital Diagnostics, Clinic Catharsis Sample Sharing, and Diagnostic Walks. As the season progresses, additional topics will be added. A more extensive program will be developed for the two-day October 5-6, 2006 Ohio Plant Diagnostic Workshop for Clinicians.
Dates scheduled include: May 24 - ABE Center, Bowling Green, May 26 - Springfield, June 6 - Burton, June 8 - Wooster, July 10 - Columbus, September 13 - Canfield, and October 5-6 - 50th Ohio Plant Diagnostic Workshop for Clinicians - Wooster.
More details on registration will be included in upcoming BYGLs.
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SALSA (SECREST ACADEMY FOR LANDSCAPE SCIENCES AND ARTS)
The fourth edition of SALSA will commence in May at OSU's Secrest Arboretum at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster. It is for individuals with professional or personal interest in an intensive, hands-on landscape learning experience and is a program of Ohio State Universitys Secrest Arboretum and the Ohio State University Extension Center at Wooster. Faculty for session IV of SALSA are Jim Chatfield, Ken Cochran, Joe Cochran and Erik Draper.
SALSA IV will focus on the following topics: Herbaceous Perennials and Annuals, Disease Management, Insect Identification, Plant Problem Diagnostics, Plant Propagation, and Theme Gardens. SALSA IV will involve three full-day sessions on May 15, June 19, and July 17.
SALSA is a learning experience, advancing your knowledge of the arts and sciences of landscape horticulture, through linked interactive hands-on programs. SALSA is not a series of isolated single-topic programs, nor it a full-fledged 2- or 4- year degree program. SALSA occupies the landscape between these two...rooted in dedication, blooming with creativity. The cost of SALSA IV is $300 for the full three days of programming. This fee includes considerable reference material, gourmet lunches and refreshments. For more information contact Joe Cochran at Secrest Arboretum (330-263-3886; cochran.58@osu.edu).
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BYGLOSOPHY
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"Courage is not the towering oak that sees storms come and go;
it is the fragile blossom that opens in the snow."
---Alice M. Swaim
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