Technology - Sexual Propagation

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Sexual Propagation - Seed Structure

What does the term apomixis mean and what is its significance in seed propagation?

Apomixis is defined as the production of a sporophyte in the seed which bypasses the usual process of meiosis and fertiliztion. This results in the production of clonal seedling plants.

What is the definition of breeding true?

producing progeny identical to the parent in at least one characteristic

implies the loci that control the trait(s) are homozygous

Define the term cultivar.

a cultivated variety developed by selection and/or breeding

a population of plants that share distinguishing characteristics but that are distinguishable from other cultivars

What does heterozygous mean?

Heterozygous refers to having two different (dominant & recessive alleles at a given locus.

Explain the term hybrid vigor.

Hybrid vigor is a condition where the progeny of a cross (the hybrid) displays greater height, yield, resistance, etc. than the parents; or the superiority of the heterozygote (hybrid) with respect to the parents.

Define the term phenotype.

Phenotype is the external appearance of a plant determined by an interaction between the plant's genotype and the environment in which it is found.

	What does the term apomixis mean and what is its significance in seed propagation?
	Apomixis is defined as the production of a sporophyte in the seed which bypasses the usual process of meiosis and fertiliztion. This results in the production of clonal seedling plants.

	What is the definition of breeding true?
	producing progeny identical to the parent in at least one characteristic implies the loci that control the trait(s) are homozygous

	Define the term cultivar.
	a cultivated variety developed by selection and/or breeding a population of plants that share distinguishing characteristics but that are distinguishable from other cultivars

	What does heterozygous mean?
	Heterozygous refers to having two different (dominant & recessive alleles at a given locus.

	Explain the term hybrid vigor.
	Hybrid vigor is a condition where the progeny of a cross (the hybrid) displays greater height, yield, resistance, etc. than the parents; or the superiority of the heterozygote (hybrid) with respect to the parents.

	Define the term phenotype.
	Phenotype is the external appearance of a plant determined by an interaction between the plant's genotype and the environment in which it is found.